Physical features that are similar in organisms which

13 Jun Physical features that are similar in organisms which

Question
21. Physical features that are similar in organisms which are not closely related to each other are most likely a result of ____________. A good example of this is the similarities seen between some marsupial and placental mammals.

A) natural selection.

B) adaptation to similar environments

C) convergent evolution

D) All of the above phrases can be used to correctly fill this blank.

22. In humans, which of the following sex chromosome compliments could be found in males?

A) XY

B) XX

C) Y

23. The proteins that are associated with eukaryotic chromosomes:

A) help to package the DNA within the nucleus.

B) are involved in gene expression, through binding with the DNA.

C) may be replicating or transcribing the DNA.

D) All of these are true of proteins that are associated with eukaryotic chromosomes.

24. A sequence of DNA nucleotides that contains the information to produce a single protein is a(n):

A) codon.

B) gene.

C) polypeptide.

D) anticodon.

25. Which one of the following statements about mutations is true?

A) Mutations provide the basis for genetic variability in all organisms.

B) Mutations that occur in any cell in the body are heritable.

C) Mutations that occur during replication cannot be repaired.

D) Mutations in the DNA are always harmful.

26. In cats, short fur (L) is a completely dominant trait; long fur (l) is recessive. You are breeding cats and you want to see if your short-haired cat is homozygous dominant or heterozygous for the gene that determines the length of its fur. What would be the genotype of the cat that you would mate it with to determine its genotype for fur length?

A) LL

B) Ll

C) ll

D) You do not need to do a cross to determine this. You can tell simply by observing the cat’s phenotype.

27. The gypsy moth was introduced from Europe to the United States in the late 1860s, in the town of Medford, Massachusetts. Since that time, it has continued to spread across the northeastern part of the country. This species poses a serious economic threat because in years of high population density its caterpillars defoliate trees, leaving the trees susceptible to disease or death. Controlling this species is a high priority for both federal and state governments. Female gypsy moths cannot fly, but secrete pheromones to signal to the male moths where they are. The male moths follow these chemical signals to the females, and mate with them. A synthetic version of this hormone has been made and traps are baited with it, luring the male moths to their deaths. These pheromones would best be described as a ____________ reproductive isolating mechanism.

A) temporal

B) behavioral

C) mechanical

D) habitat

28. Which one of the following is an example of macroevolution?

A) The appearance of an albino squirrel in the population of gray squirrels on the Penn State’s campus.

B) The increase in size of white-tailed deer as you go from the southern to the northern United States.

C) A kitten with long hair in a litter of kittens whose parents both had short hair.

D) The evolution of flight in a group of mammals, the bats.

29. Genetics Problems – Problem I. In mice, yellow coat color is inherited as an autosomal trait that shows complete dominance; a mouse with gray fur is homozygous for the recessive allele (g). However, mice that are homozygous for the dominant yellow allele (G) die on the sixth day of gestation, so they are never born. You mate a yellow female mouse with a yellow male mouse. Construct a Punnett Square in order to answer the questions below. What is the genotype of the parent mice?

A) GG

B) Gg

C) gg

D) The parents can be either GG or Gg

30. What proportion of the mice in the litter will be yellow?

A) 1/4 (25%)

B) 1/3 (33%)

C) 2/3 (67%)

D) 3/4 (75%)