Question 18. Tell All Industries has experienced financial losses for the

18. Tell All Industries has experienced financial losses for the past six quarters. The Board of Directors has decided that the organization will be reengineered. The decisions that must be made to accomplish this successfully can be classified as

A) programmed (in structure).

B) in a condition of uncertainty.

C) low in risk.

D) all of the above.

E) none of the above.

19. Marilyn Onn recently faced a decision that required computation of financing which she had only limited experience with. She was able to determine an option that was within her department’s budget, but she could not be sure that her decision was the most efficient or effective. By selecting the option that was acceptable, she was

A) minimizing.

B) optimizing.

C) satisficing.

D) incompetent as a manager.

E) putting off the decision.

20. To maximize is to

A) realize the largest possible financial benefit.

B) involve as many people affected by the decision as possible in its design.

C) make the best possible decision.

D) utilize groupthink as individual decisions.

E) generate many alternatives for evaluation.

21. Implementation issues consist of

A) allocate resources.

B) organize for results.

C) how to implement strategies.

D) lead and motivate people.

E) all of the above.

22. Psychological bias in decision-making refers to

A) the effect that a person’s psychological capabilities have upon the decisions they must make under pressure.

B) what happens when a decision maker must balance the preferences of many interested parties, diluting effectiveness.

C) the conflict that results from too many people involved with making a decision.

D) the inability to be objective when obtaining and using information for decision making allowing irrationality to interfere.

E) the fact that people are motivated by a need for power which clouds their decision making capabilities.

23. The way in which the alternatives to a decision are stated or phrased may have an impact on which alternative is chosen. Varying alternatives can be presented in a more favorable or less favorable way, affecting the decision. This is referred to as

A) framing effects.

B) phrasing effects.

C) fraud effects.

D) flamboyancy effect.

E) fracture effects.

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