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Question Calculating GDP using the Expenditure, Inc

Question Calculating GDP using the Expenditure, Inc

Question
Calculating GDP using the Expenditure, Income, and Product (Value-Added) Approaches

3. (Based on a problem in Abel, Bernanke, and Croushore, Macroeconomics, 8th Edition, Pearson, 2014.)

ABC Steel produces $10,000,000 worth of steel within the US during the current year. ABC’s

costs are labor, $5,000,000; interest on debt, $300,000; and taxes, $500,000.

ABC Steel sells all $10,000,000 worth of steel to a US automotive company XYZ Automotive. XYZ

automotive builds a total of 1250 cars at a cost of $13,000 each ($8000 worth of steel; $3000 in labor

costs; and $2000 in taxes per car produced). It sells 800 cars to domestic consumers and 200 cars to

foreign consumers at a price of $20,000 each. The other 250 cars remain unsold at the years end, being

calculated as $3,250,000 increase in inventory for XYZ Automotive.

a) Calculate the contributions to GDP of these transactions using the:

(i) Expenditure Approach

(ii) Income Approach

(iii) Product (Value-Added) Approach

Correct use of each of the three approaches will lead to the same answer.

b) Repeat part (a), but now assume that XYZ required an extra $2000 worth of steel, which it purchased

from a foreign company, in order to produce each car. (Hint: Among other things, the value of

inventory investment will change since the cost of producing each car has changed to $15,000.)

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