Question Week 1 discussions Topic 2: Critical listening

Discuss a communication situation when you paid close attention because you really had to, where the situation and what was being communicated were extremely important. What kind of things did you find yourself doing to help insure that you were listening effectively?

Week 2 discussin

As many of you may already know or will know whilst taking Psychology, there are three basic components in Sigmund Freud’s theory of personality: the id,the ego, and the superego. While the id is made up of unconscious urges and the ego is charged with dealing with reality, the superego is the part of personality that is made up of all the internalized ideals that come from our parents and society. Freud suggested that this component of personality is the last to develop, emerging around age five. The purpose of the superego is to suppress the unacceptable urges of the id and to make the ego behave morally.

The ego is the component of personality that is responsible for dealing with reality. According to Freud, the ego develops from the id and ensures that the impulses of the id can be expressed in a manner acceptable in the real world. The ego functions in both the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mind.

The ego operates based on the reality principle, which strives to satisfy the id’s desires in realistic and socially appropriate ways. The reality principle weighs the costs and benefits of an action before deciding to act upon or abandon impulses. In many cases, the id’s impulses can be satisfied through a process of delayed gratification–the ego will eventually allow the behavior, but only in the appropriate time and place.

The ego also discharges tension created by unmet impulses through the secondary process, in which the ego tries to find an object in the real world that matches the mental image created by the id’s primary process.

The Superego

The last component of personality to develop is the superego. The superego is the aspect of personality that holds all of our internalized moral standards and ideals that we acquire from both parents and society–our sense of right and wrong. The superego provides guidelines for making judgments. According to Freud, the superego begins to emerge at around age five.

There are two parts of the superego:

1. The Ego Ideal: includes the rules and standards for good behaviors. These behaviors include those which are approved of by parental and other authority figures. Obeying these rules leads to feelings of pride, value and accomplishment.

2.

3. The conscience: includes information about things that are viewed as bad by parents and society. These behaviors are often forbidden and lead to bad consequences, punishments or feelings of guilt and remorse.

The superego acts to perfect and civilize our behavior. It works to suppress all unacceptable urges of the id and struggles to make the ego act upon idealistic standards rather that upon realistic principles. The superego is present in the conscious, preconscious and unconscious.

The Interaction of the Id, Ego and Superego

With so many competing forces, it is easy to see how conflict might arise between the id, ego and superego. Freud used the term ego stremgth to refer to the ego’s ability to function despite these dueling forces. A person with good ego strength is able to effectively manage these pressures, while those with too much or too little ego strength can become too unyielding or too disrupting.

According to Freud, the key to a healthy personality is a balance between the id, the ego, and the superego.

[research source: http://psychology.about.com/od/theoriesofpersonality/a/personalityelem.htm]

Now, after having, hopefully, read this lengthy explanation of the Ego, why do people believe that being ego-centric is bad for their public image? What implications does the ego-centrism of audiences hold for you as an individual who might give a very important speech and how does this relate to the importance of analyzing your audience?Please remember that you must have at least2 FULLY ELABORATED postings per threaded forum per week.

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