14 Jun Question Week 8 Problems—30 points
Question
Week 8 Problems—30 points
15 points each. Place answers within the Word document below.
1. A study is conducted to estimate survival in patients following kidney transplant. Key factors that adversely affect success of the transplant include advanced age and diabetes. This study involves 25 participants who are 65 years of age and older and all have diabetes. Following transplant, each participant is followed for up to 10 years. The following are times to death, in years, or the time to last contact (at which time the participant was known to be alive).
Deaths: 1.2, 2.5, 4.3, 5.6, 6.7, 7.3 and 8.1 years
Alive: 3.4, 4.1, 4.2, 5.7, 5.9, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 7.3, 8.2, 8.6, 8.9, 9.4, 9.5, 10, 10, 10, and 10 years
Use the life table approach to estimate the survival function. Use years intervals of
0–2; 2–4;
Complete the table below.
Interval
in
Years
Number At Risk During Interval,
Nt
Average Number At Risk During Interval,
Nt* =Nt-Ct /2
Number of Deaths During Interval,
Dt
Lost to Follow-Up,
Ct
Proportion Dying
qt = Dt/Nt*
Proportion Surviving
pt = 1-qt
Survival Probability
St = pt*St-1
0–2
2–4
4–6
6–8
8–10
Use the Kaplan-Meier approach to estimate the survival function.
Complete the table below
Time, Years
Number at Risk
Nt
Number of Deaths
Dt
Number Censored
Ct
Survival Probability
St+1= St*((Nt-Dt)/Nt)
0
25
1.2
2.5
3.4
4.1
4.2
4.3
5.6
5.7
5.9
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.7
7.3
8.1
8.2
8.6
8.9
9.4
9.5
10.0
.gif”>
Referring to the graph above:
What is the probability of surviving 6.5 years?
A. None
B. 0.85
C. 0.60
D. 0.90
Patients have an 85% chance of surviving how many years?
A. 6.0
B. 4.25
C. 3.2
D. 5.5
2. A clinical trial is conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a new drug for prevention of hypertension in patients with pre-hypertension (defined as systolic blood pressure between 120–139 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure between 80–89 mmHg). A total of 20 patients are randomized to receive the new drug or a currently available drug for treatment of high blood pressure. Participants are followed for up to 12 months, and time to progression to hypertension is measured. The experiences of participants in each arm of the trial are shown below.
New Drug
Currently Available Drug
Hypertension
Free of Hypertension
Hypertension
Free of Hypertension
7
8
6
8
8
8
7
9
10
8
9
11
9
10
11
11
11
12
12
12
Our website has a team of professional writers who can help you write any of your homework. They will write your papers from scratch. We also have a team of editors just to make sure all papers are of HIGH QUALITY & PLAGIARISM FREE. To make an Order you only need to click Ask A Question and we will direct you to our Order Page at WriteDemy. Then fill Our Order Form with all your assignment instructions. Select your deadline and pay for your paper. You will get it few hours before your set deadline.
Fill in all the assignment paper details that are required in the order form with the standard information being the page count, deadline, academic level and type of paper. It is advisable to have this information at hand so that you can quickly fill in the necessary information needed in the form for the essay writer to be immediately assigned to your writing project. Make payment for the custom essay order to enable us to assign a suitable writer to your order. Payments are made through Paypal on a secured billing page. Finally, sit back and relax.
About Writedemy
We are a professional paper writing website. If you have searched a question and bumped into our website just know you are in the right place to get help in your coursework. We offer HIGH QUALITY & PLAGIARISM FREE Papers.
How It Works
To make an Order you only need to click on “Order Now” and we will direct you to our Order Page. Fill Our Order Form with all your assignment instructions. Select your deadline and pay for your paper. You will get it few hours before your set deadline.
Are there Discounts?
All new clients are eligible for 20% off in their first Order. Our payment method is safe and secure.