Question51. To meet the needs of the organization, all managers c

51. To meet the needs of the organization, all managers carry out the three major categories of roles. They are: ____, ____, and ____ roles.

a.	monitor, figurehead, and liaison
b.	leader, monitor, and spokesperson
c.	disseminator, entrepreneurial, and disturbance handler
d.	decisional, spokesperson, and leader
e.	informational, interpersonal, and decisional

52. Since not-for-profit organizations do not have a conventional ____, managers may struggle with the question of what constitutes results and effectiveness.

a.	hierarchy
b.	bottom line
c.	information system
d.	decision-making process
e.	structure

53. A manager in for-profit business focuses primarily on ____, while a manager of a non-profit focuses on ____.

a.	the bottom-line, employee morale
b.	the bottom-line, social impact
c.	profitability, customer satisfaction
d.	market share, the bottom-line
e.	customer satisfaction, organization reputation

54. One of the roles that a small business manager may emphasize over their counterpart in a large organization is ____.

a.	information processing
b.	spokesperson
c.	liaison
d.	resource allocator
e.	leader

55. In the new workplace, work is ____, in contrast to the old workplace where work was ____.

a.	flexible; diverse
b.	mechanical; flexible
c.	flexible; structured
d.	autocratic; structured
e.	calm; flexible

56. The benefits of using interim managers include:

a.	an organization’s use of specialist skills
b.	no long-term commitment for the organization
c.	the manager has some flexibility
d.	the manager faces new and interesting challenges
e.	all of these

57. ____ is not a force affecting transition from the old workplace to the new workplace.

a.	Focus
b.	Insourcing
c.	Workforce
d.	Technology
e.	Pace

58. Success in the new workplace depends on the strength and quality of ____.

a.	individual workers
b.	independent teams
c.	followers
d.	collaborative relationships
e.	vendors

59. __________ has become the new imperative, despite the need for companies to control costs in today’s economy.

a.	Technology
b.	Outsourcing
c.	Innovation
d.	Communication
e.	Delegation

60. With its “community of interest” in a pre-Facebook era, the Grateful Dead band’s ability to ________ is a principle factor for its success over several decades.

a.	innovate
b.	communicate
c.	generate revenue
d.	compete
e.	monitor

61. Regina, owner and operator of a small restaurant, believes that her most important task as manager is establishing goals for the restaurant and deciding what must be done to achieve them. This involves which aspect of what managers do?

a.	Organizing
b.	Motivating and communicating
c.	Measuring
d.	Developing people
e.	Setting objectives

62. Which of the following is a function of management?

a.	Human resources
b.	Raw materials
c.	Efficiency
d.	Planning
e.	Effectiveness

63. Robert, a top-level manager at an advertising agency, spends a significant part of his work day identifying goals for future organizational performance and deciding how to use resources to attain these goals. This involves which management function?

a.	Controlling
b.	Leading
c.	Organizing
d.	Planning
e.	Delegating

64. By definition, an organization is considered ___________ because it is made up of two or more people.

a.	efficient
b.	a social entity
c.	effective
d.	goal-directed
e.	deliberately structured

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65. Jessica was recently praised by her supervisor for displaying superior customer service during an encounter with a problem customer. This is an example of organizational:

a.	information processing
b.	efficiency
c.	effectiveness
d.	structure
e.	goal-setting

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66. Stefan, a supermarket cashier, recently received an award for having the highest scan rate among all cashiers. This is an example of organizational:

a.	performance
b.	efficiency
c.	effectiveness
d.	structure
e.	goal-setting

67. A(n) ____ perspective provides a broader way of thinking, a way of searching for patterns and determining whether they recur across time periods.

a.	analytical
b.	futuristic
c.	systematic
d.	methodical
e.	historical

68. ____ forces refer to those aspects of a culture that guide and influence relationships among people.

a.	Social
b.	Political
c.	Economic
d.	Technological
e.	Legal

69. Which of these forces comprises unwritten, common rules and perceptions about relationships?

a.	Economic
b.	Political
c.	Social
d.	Legal
e.	Personal

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70. Which of these forces pertain to the availability, production, and distribution of resources in a society?

a.	Social
b.	Political
c.	Economic
d.	Technological
e.	Legal

71. Strong anti-American sentiments in many parts of the world exemplify the effect of

a.	economic forces.
b.	political forces.
c.	demographic forces.
d.	technological forces.
e.	human relations forces.

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72. ____ is the most current management perspective.

a.	Total quality management
b.	Contingency views
c.	Systems theory
d.	Open (Collaborative) Innovation
e.	Classical perspective

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73. The nineteenth and early twentieth centuries saw the development of which management perspective?

a.	The human relations movement
b.	The behavioral sciences approach
c.	The classical perspective
d.	The quantitative management approach
e.	The TQM approach

74. Which of these is a subfield of the classical management perspective that emphasized scientifically determined changes in management practices as the solution to improving labor productivity?

a.	The human relations movement
b.	The behavioral sciences approach
c.	The TQM approach
d.	The quantitative management approach
e.	The scientific management movement

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75. Frank Gilbreth felt that efficiency equated with ____.

a.	one best way to do work
b.	leadership flows from the top down
c.	procedures and policies
d.	scientific management
e.	bureaucracy

76. Who is considered the “first lady of management?”

a.	Mary Parker Follett
b.	Lillian Gilbreth
c.	Carly Fiorona
d.	Maxine Weber
e.	Anne Adams

77. The three subfields of the classical perspective include

a.	quantitative management, behavioral science, and administrative principles.
b.	bureaucratic principles, quantitative management, and the human relations movement.
c.	administrative principles, bureaucratic organization, and scientific management.
d.	scientific management, quantitative management, and administrative principles.
e.	none of these.

78. ____ is considered the “father of scientific management.”

a.	Frank B. Gilbreth
b.	Elton Mayo
c.	Henry Gantt
d.	Douglas McGregor
e.	Frederick W. Taylor

79. Which of the following is a bar graph that measures planned and completed work along each stage of production by time elapsed?

a.	Time and work chart
b.	Gantt chart
c.	Time and motion chart
d.	Production and delivery chart
e.	Gilbreth chart

80. Frederick Taylor’s contributions were in the field of

a.	scientific management.
b.	human resource management.
c.	human relations.
d.	quantitative management.
e.	total quality management.

81. Which of the following is not a criticism of scientific management?

a.	It does not appreciate the social context of work.
b.	It does not appreciate the higher needs of workers.
c.	It does not appreciate the careful study of tasks and jobs.
d.	It does not acknowledge variance among individuals.
e.	It tends to regard workers as uninformed and ignored their ideas and suggestions.

82. Standardization of work and wage incentives are characteristics of

a.	bureaucratic organizations.
b.	scientific management.
c.	quantitative management.
d.	administrative management.
e.	behavioral science.

83. The bureaucratic organizations approach is a subfield within the ____.

a.	classical perspective
b.	systems theory
c.	scientific management
d.	learning organization
e.	management science view

84. According to Weber’s ideas on bureaucracy, organizations should be based on which of these?

a.	Personal loyalty
b.	Personal references
c.	Rational authority
d.	Family ties
e.	Charismatic authority

85. All of the following are characteristics of Weberian bureaucracy EXCEPT:

a.	Labor is divided with clear definitions of authority and responsibility that are legitimized as official duties.
b.	Positions are organized in a hierarchy of authority, with each position under the authority of a higher one.
c.	All personnel are selected and promoted based on technical qualifications.
d.	Administrative acts and decisions are recorded in writing.
e.	Management is the same as the ownership of the organization.

86. Max Weber felt selection of employees should be based on:

a.	education
b.	competence
c.	connections
d.	political skills
e.	efficient systems

87. Positions organized in a hierarchy of authority is an important characteristic of

a.	scientific management.
b.	bureaucratic organizations.
c.	quantitative management.
d.	the human relations movement.
e.	total quality management.

88. UPS is successful in the small package delivery market. One important reason for this success is the concept of

a.	globalization.
b.	employee flexibility.
c.	loose standards.
d.	bureaucracy.
e.	non-bureaucratic organizational system.

89. Whereas scientific management focused on ______ , administrative principles approach focused on the _______.

a.	individual productivity, total organization
b.	organization productivity, individual effort
c.	efficient procedures, management by principle
d.	employee ability, employee loyalty
e.	employee competence, work flow through the organization

90. Mary Parker Follett contributed to which field?

a.	Humanistic approach
b.	Scientific management approach
c.	Total quality management approach
d.	Quantitative approach to management
e.	Systems approach to management

91. The ____ refers to a chain of authority extending from top to the bottom of the organization and including every employee.

a.	unity of command
b.	division of labor
c.	unity of direction
d.	scalar chain
e.	None of these

92. Mary Parker Follett thought of leadership as ____, rather than techniques.

a.	systems
b.	top managers
c.	people
d.	efficiencies
e.	floor managers

93. Chester Bernard felt that ____ could help a poorly managed organization.

a.	bureaucracy
b.	line managers
c.	efficiencies
d.	informal relations
e.	top/down flow of information

94. The ____ emphasized the importance of understanding human behaviors, needs, and attitudes in the workplace as well as social interactions and group processes.

a.	humanistic perspective
b.	classical perspective
c.	scientific management
d.	bureaucratic organizations
e.	contingency perspective

95. Which of these refers to the management movement that was based on the idea that truly effective control comes from within the individual worker rather than from strict, authoritarian control?

a.	Scientific management perspective
b.	Human resource perspective
c.	Management science perspective
d.	Behavioral sciences approach
e.	Human relations movement

96. Most early interpretations of the Hawthorne studies argued that the factor that best explained increased output was

a.	money.
b.	days off.
c.	human relations.
d.	lighting.
e.	free food.

97. A “dairy farm” view of management, i.e., contented cows give more milk, so satisfied workers will give more work was espoused by

a.	human relations management.
b.	human resource perspective.
c.	behavioral science approach.
d.	management science perspective.
e.	None of these.

98. Maslow’s hierarchy of needs started with which of these needs?

a.	Esteem
b.	Love
c.	Safety
d.	Physiological
e.	Belongingness

99. Tommy believes his employees are responsible, creative, and able to work with minimal direction. He is a

a.	Theory X manager.
b.	Theory Y manager.
c.	Theory Z manager.
d.	Theory A manager.
e.	contingency theory manager.

100. Beth Brant, production supervisor at Trustworthy Tools Mfg., Inc. believes that her employees dislike work, avoid responsibility, and therefore they need to be controlled and directed. Beth is a

a.	Theory X manager.
b.	Theory Y manager.
c.	realistic manager.
d.	Theory Z manager.
e.	Theory J manager.

101. The behavioral sciences approach is based on which of the following disciplines?

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