11 Jun Quiz 1-The Scientific Method and Introduction
Question
1 Quiz 1: The Scientific Method and Introduction to Microbiology (25 points)
Below is a copy of Quiz 1 (25 points). Read carefully and answer the questions. This is an open
book quiz, however, you are expected to do your own work and for the short answer questions
write the answers using your own words*. Submit as a Word or rtf attachment in the Assignment
folder for Quiz 1.
Please save your Quiz 1 Answer Sheet in the following format or the file name: Your Last
Name, first name initial_Quiz 1 (e.g., Smith, J_Quiz 1). I download all of the quizzes and read
them off-line and your name will prevent any problems with having your responses replaced by
those of a classmate.
The quiz is due by 11:59 P.M. Eastern Time 30 October 2016. Points will be deducted for
unapproved late submissions (see Grading Policy in the syllabus).
Part A. Select the best answer(s) or fill in the blank (1 point each).
1. The binomial name for the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis represents:
a. its kingdom and genus names.
b. its genus and species names.
c. its family and class names.
d. its domain and family names.
2. Which of the following provides evidence that bacteria and archaea are not closely related?
a. there are differences in their ribosomal RNA (rRNA).
b. their cell walls are structurally different.
c. archaea have membrane organelles, but bacteria do no.
d. both a and b.
3. Using the scientific method to explain an observation (2 correct answers)
a. stops you from making mistakes
b. is only useful for scientific experiments
c. lets you correct mistakes
d. always produces the correct answer
e. includes a hypothesis that is testable and falsifiable
4. Koch’s postulates provided guidelines for
a. understanding the process of fermentation.
b. relating certain microorganisms with certain diseases.
c. creating a vaccine to trigger the body’s immune system to develop antibodies that
fight microbes.
d. sterilizing surgical instruments. 2 5. What was Edward Jenner’s contribution to microbiology?
a. He proposed the germ theory.
b. He developed the compound microscope.
c. He discovered how to create a vaccine to trigger the body’s immune system to
develop antibodies that fight microbes.
d. He developed the binomial nomenclature system.
Part B. Short answers (write answers as complete sentences and in your own words*).
Important: You must include a complete citation for the source(s) of information
you used to answer each question (full citations may be placed at the end as long
as in-text citations are provided with your answer). Points will be deducted for
incomplete citations and no points will be earned for answers without sources
cited. See the Syllabus for links to tutorials and examples of how
to avoid plagiarism and to write in your own words.
6. (2 points) List the six major types of microbes (one is not known to cause disease) and the
domain for each in the three domain scientific classification system.
7. (1 point) Do scientists try to prove their ideas by using the scientific method? Explain.
8. (5 points) The table below outlines a series of experiments Pasteur performed to demonstrate
that bacterial contamination of nutrient broth did not develop by the spontaneous generation
of microbes, but was caused by cells on dust particles in air that entered the containers. Each
flask contained a nutrient-rich broth that was boiled at the start of the tests. Based on Pasteur’s
experiments on spontaneous generation, what predictions can you make about the growth of
microorganisms in each flask and explain/describe the basis or reason for your prediction?
Why was the broth boiled? Which flasks are controls and why? Briefly explain how the
experiments supported or refuted the doctrine of spontaneous generation of bacteria.
Flask 1 is open
to the air 8. (4 points) Flask 2 is
sealed so that
no air enters Flask 3 has a
horizontal
neck that is
open to the
air, but the air
entering is
sterilized Flask 4 is a
swan-neck
flask left open
to the air 3 a. Describe an example of hypothesis-driven science described in "History of
Microbiology" in Course Module 1, or “The Process of Science” in week 1 topics.
Describe the importance of the findings.
b. Describe an example of discovery-based science described in "History of
Microbiology" in Course Module 1 “The Process of Science” in week 1 topics.
Describe the importance of the findings.
9. (8 points) Read and answer the questions for the following article:
University of Missouri-Columbia. (2016, October 7). Breast milk protein safely reduces
hospital infections in preemies. ScienceDaily. Retrieved October 7, 2016 from
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/10/161007085718.htm
a.What problem is the rationale for conducting the research?
b. What is lactoferrrin? What is it function or importance for health? Provide complete
citations for sources of information
c. What was the purpose and hypothesis of the experiment?
d. What were the independent and dependent variables of the study? Explain.
e. What was the control group? Was it used as a positive or negative control and why?
f. What data were collected?
g. Summarize the results in a table*.
h. What was the major conclusion of the study and its importance?
i. Is any important information about how the study was performed or findings left out in
the ScienceDaily article? If so, what information is missing?
*For the table make sure to include a title for the table and labels for the columns. The
independent variable and control are listed in the most left hand column and the results of
the dependent variable(s) are in the other columns. Include units of measures as
appropriate.
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