RMU BIOL 1210 – Regarding the organizational chart for living systems

12 Jun RMU BIOL 1210 – Regarding the organizational chart for living systems

Question
1. Regarding the organizational chart for living systems, organs are composed
of ___________

A. two or more types of organelles
B. multiple macromolecules
C. two or more types of cells
D. two or more types of tissues

2. Necessary life functions include the following except ___________

A. maintaining boundaries
B. digestion
C. excretion
D. all of these are necessary functions

3. Water accounts for approximately _________percent of our body weight

A. 10 B. 20 C. 50 D. 75

4. Normal body temperature is at _____ degrees Celsius

A. 35 B. 37 C. 40 D. 42

5. The balance or dynamic state of equilibrium in the body is referred to as
_______

A. autonomy
B. homeostasis
C. homogeneity
D. heterogeneity

Clotting in a damaged vessel in the bloodstream is an example of ______________.

A. negative feedback
B. positive feedback
C. effector mediated control
D. receptor mediated control

7. The release of antidiuretic hormone or ADH by the pituitary is an example of _______________

A. negative feedback
B. positive feedback
C. effector mediated control
D. receptor mediated control

8. In the anatomical position, the palms are positioned ________________
A. anteriorly with the thumb lateral
B. anteriorly with the thumb medial
C. posteriorly with the thumb lateral
D. posteriorly with the thumb medial

9. Closer to the torso or trunk is called __________, while farther away is
called _______.

A. distal, medial
B. proximal, lateral
C. distal, proximal
D. proximal, distal

10. The midline ___________ plane divides the body into anterior and
posterior sections

A. sagittal
B. transverse
C. frontal
D. vertical

11. Two symmetrical body sections are essentially produced when the body is divided by the midline _____________ plane.
A. frontal
B. sagittal
C. transverse
D. horizontal

12, The dorsal body cavity contains the ________________

A. brain and spinal cord
B. thoracic viscera
C. abdominal viscera
D. vital organs

Match the anatomical term to the region as described using the following key

A. cervical B. buccal C. orbital D. occipital E. temporal

13. The cheek region
14. the eye socket
15. the side of the head
16. the neck
17. the back of the head

18. Another name for the anterior thoracic area is the ________________

A. sternal region
B. clavicular region
C. pectoral region
D. diaphragmatic region

19. The liver would be found in the __________ quadrant of the abdomen

A. lower left
B. lower right
C. upper left
D. upper right

20. The area between both lungs is referred to as the ______________

A. the pericardium
B. the diaphragm
C. the mediastinum
D. the subclavicular region

21. All atoms are composed of the following components:

A. protons and electrons
B. protons, neutrons and electrons
C. neutrons and electrons
D. B, with rare exceptions that do not have neutrons

22. In general, the number of _________ is an important determinant in
chemical bonding tendencies of atoms.

A. unpaired electrons in the outermost orbital
B. orbitals
C. neutrons
D. all of these are important to the above

23. The definition of valence or valence number is ______________

A. the number of electrons that must be lost or gained to empty of complete the outermost
orbital
B. the degree of instability associated with an atom
C. the number of orbitals that are filled
D. the total number of electrons less the number of neutrons in an atom

E. the total number of protons less the number of electrons

24. Carbon and hydrogen tend to form _______________ bonds with each other.

A. non polar hydrogen
B. polar hydrogen
C. polar covalent
D. non polar covalent

25. Oppositely charged atoms, that have either lost or gained electrons, often form ___________ bonds that act via magnetic forces

A. polar covalent
B. non polar covalent
C. hydrogen
D. peptide

E. ionic

26. Hydrogen bonds are usually found when hydrogen is attached to _____________

A. Oxygen or sulfur
B. Nitrogen or phosphorus
C. methyl or ethyl groups
D. A & C
E. A, B & C

27. The partial disassociation of water is often referred to as the __________

A. instability of the molecule
B. pH
C. surface tension
D. solvent characteristic

28. ATP is considered a _________ and a ________________

A. small molecule, nucleotide
B. small molecule, polymer
C. large molecule, nucleotide
D. large molecule, polysaccharide

29. Macromolecules are usually ___________ formed by the process of
_____________

A. polymers, hydrolysis
B. polymers, protein synthesis
C. monomers, hydrolysis
D. polymers, dehydration synthesis

30. The general structure of an amino acid can be best described by which of
the following:

A. An amino group and an acid group bonded to a carbon on either side
B. A plus a single hydrogen in a different position
C. B plus an R group of varying composition
D. Two molecules connected by a peptide bond

31. There are ____________ essential amino acids, as per lecture

A. 20
B. 64
C. 8
D. 12

32. The peptide bond forms between the ____________

A. adjacent R groups
B. unpaired hydrogen electrons
C. adjacent acid units

D. adjacent amino groups
E. adjacent acid and amino groups

33. The secondary structure of a protein or polypeptide can be either
_________ or ________ and is related to _______________formation.

A. globular, fibrous, hydrogen bond
B. globular, fibrous, magnetic attraction and polar to non-polar forces
C. spiral, pleated, hydrogen bond
D. spiral, pleated, magnetic attraction and polar to non-polar forces

E. complex or simple, as determined by whether it is prokaryotic or eukaryotic

34. When a protein is denatured, the following occurs ____________

A. the primary structure, the amino acid sequence is ultimately degraded
B. the primary structure, the peptide bond is broken down
C. only free floating amino acids remain
D. only the primary structure remains plus several hydrogen bonds
E. all structure except the primary, the amino acid sequence, is lost

35. Common table is known as ____________, and it is composed of ____________________.

A. Fructose, sucrose & glucose

B. Sucrose, glucose & fructose

C. Maltose, glucose only

D. Maltose, glucose & fructose

E. None of these answer the question

36. Glucose is an example of a _______________________

A. hexose
B. pentose
C. ribose
D. disaccharide
E. A & D

37. Lactose contains what monosaccharides?

A. glucose only
B. galactose only
C. fructose only
D. glucose and fructose
E. glucose and galactose

38. Cellulose is an example of a _______________

A. complex carbohydrate molecule
B. non-digestible polysaccharide
C. alternating glucose and fructose subunits
D. A & B

E. A, B & C

39. A nucleotide contains all of the following components except ______________

A. pentose
B. phosphate
C. nitrogen and carbon containing base
D. hexose

E. covalent bonds

40. Complimentary base pairs in DNA consist of _______________

A. purines linked to pyrimidines
B. adenine to thymine
C. guanine to cytosine
D. B & C
E. A, B & C

41. RNA differs from DNA in that ____________________

A. the sugar is ribose and not deoxyribose
B. the macromolecule is single stranded
C. Uracil replaces thymine
D. A & C
E. A, B & C

42. Triglycerides are composed of ____________________

A. a 3 carbon alcohol
B. 3 long chain fatty acids
C. phosphate groups
D. A & B
E. A, B& C

43. When a long chain fatty acid has the maximum number of hydrogens possible surrounding its carbon atoms, it is known as a ______________-.

A. saturated fatty acid
B. unsaturated fatty acid
C. neutral fatty acid
D. complex fatty acid

E. lipopolysaccharide

44. A phospholipd consists of _____________________________

A. a triglyceride that has been additionally attached to a phosphate group
B. a triglyceride with a phosphate group replacing a fatty acid
C. a triglyceride with both a phosphate group and a cholesterol molecule attached
D. a phosphate group attached to the acidic site of a long chain fatty acid

45. The phospholipid bilayer is characterized by_______________

A. hydrophobic groups attracting each other on the outer aspects of the bilayer
B. hydrophilic groups attracting each other on the interior of the bilayer
C. Hydrophobic groups on the interior of the phospholipid
D. acid to base neutralization

E. A & B

Use the following Key to Answer the next group of questions, an answer may be used once, twice or not at all.

A. Nucleus

B. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

C. Lysosome

D. Mitochondria

E. Golgi Complex

46. Both messenger and ribosomal RNA are made here

47. This organelle functions both for digestion and defense, and it contains harsh enzymes

48. Mitosis is visible here

49. This structure is studded with nucleotides, which function to produce proteins and polypeptides.

50. Energy production occurs here, as long as Oxygen is available

51. Cellular products are encased in membranes here in preparation for their release.

Use the following table to answer the next group of questions, an answer may be used once, twice or not at all.

A. Simple Diffusion

B. Facilitated Diffusion

C. Active Transport

D. Osmosis

E. Phagocytosis

52. The movement of water molecules thru a semipermeable membrane following a concentration gradient define this action.

53. The process that expends energy to move particles against the concentration gradient

54. An example of this action would be glucose entering a cell with the aide of insulin binding to a membrane bound protein

55. Pinocytosis is a similar action to this involving the ingestion of liquids

56. Both Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide gases, which are non-polar covalent, utilize this means to either enter or leave cellular structures.

57. Exocytosis is an example of this activity

Choose the best answer:

58. The cytoplasmic membrane contains which of the following materials

A. Phospholipids

B. Proteins

C. Cholesterol

D. A & B only

E. A, B and C

59. Messenger RNA is able to leave the nucleus because ______________

A. It is single stranded, not helical

B. Nuclear pores are present

C. Thymine has replaced uracil

D. A & B

E. A,B & C

60. The ability of a cell to change shape to permit endocytosis is mostly due to __________

A. The ability of actin filaments to deconstruct in some areas and reconstruct in other areas.

B. Specialized protein receptors on the cytoplasmic membrane

C. The 9 + 2 microtubule configuration

D. All of these contribute to the process

E. None of these contribute to the process

61. What structure(s) in the cell have the 9+2 configuration

A. Flagella

B. Spindles

C. Intermediate fibers

D. A & B

E. A, B & C

62. Energy production occurs at the __________ utilizing the ______________

A. mitochondria, glycolysis

B. mitochondria, proton motive force

C. cytoplasmic membrane, glycolysis

D. cytoplasmic membrane, proton motive force

E. mitochondria, G- protein receptors

63. Ribosomes in human cells _________________________

A. Have both a large and small subunit structure

B. Are produced in the nucleus

C. Are sometimes bound to cytoplasmic membrane

D. A & BE. A, B & C

64. The endomembrane system has all of the following properties except ____________________

A. encasing cellular components and products in membrane to protect them

B. provide a passageway for Messenger RNA after it exits the nucleus

C. Includes lysomes and mitochondria in the system

D. includes rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the system

E. All of these are properties of the endomembrane syste

Answer the following either A(true) or B(false)

DNA is found in both the nucleus and in mitochondria

65. Phagosomes bond with peroxisomes to perform cellular digestion

66. The fluid mosaic model is used to represent the dynamic nature of the cytoplasmic membrane and its being studded with proteins

67. Human cells are approximately the same size despite some organs being larger and some organs being smaller

68. Human cells contain the same genetic material in each cell that has a nucleus

69. In animal eukaryotic cells, the cell membrane stability is aided by
__________.

A. rigid structural proteins
B. ergosterols
C. cholesterols
D. cell walls external to the membranes

E. C & D

70. Endocytosis and pinocytosis are examples of eukaryotic cells __________

A. performing ingestion of solids and liquids
B. secretion of proteins
C. producing energy and storing ATP
D. All of these involve endo and pino cytosis
E. None of these involve endo or pinocytosis

71. The cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells consist of ____________

A. intermediate fibers
B. microfilaments
C. microtubules
D. A, B & C
E. Only A & B

72. In the ________________, ribosomal RNA is formed in eukaryotic cells

A. nucleolus
B. nucleoid
C. nuclear membrane
D. nuclear pore
E. bound ribosomes

73. Rough endoplasmic reticulum is identified by _____________

A. its association with free ribosomes
B. the attachment of bound ribosomes to the endomembrane system
C. its lack of ribosomes
D. its proximity to the mitochondria

E. none of these is correct

74. Important enzymes, including those for defense and to deal with free
radicals, are stored in the _______________

A. lysosomes
B. peroxisomes
C. golgi apparatus
D. A & B
E. A, B & C

75. The following statements are true about Messenger RNA except ________

A. it is single not double stranded

B. it contains uracil

C. it leaves the nucleus unchanged

D. it can exit the nucleus via the nuclear pores

E. All of these are true

76. Regarding the Golgi complex which of the following statements is true.

A. It is not part of the endomembrane system

B. It contains free ribosomes

C. It plays no role in preparing materials to leave the cell

D. It forms immediately at the end of the endoplasmic reticulum

E. These statements are all false.

77. Mitochondria are noteworthy as they _______________

A. are the site for ATP productionD. Both A & B are true

B. have inner and outer membranes E, A, B & C are true

C. are attached to the cytoplasmic membrane