The Current Economy

20 May The Current Economy

Overview

Given the current economy, where employees are asked to do more with less, job stress is at an all time high.  An organization wished to determine what factors in the work environment were causing the most job stress.

A six-item survey was administered to sample 202 employees.  The survey was measured on the following scale:

Scale	Code
Strongly Agree	5
Agree	4
Neutral	3
Dis- Agree	2
Strongly Disagree	1

 

The higher the number, the more favorable.

Below is each question.  Employees rated each one using the scale above.

Q1.	I have the resources I need (e.g., tools, equipment, supplies, personnel) to do my job effectively. (RESOURCES)
Q2.	Policies and programs help me balance my work and personal commitments. (WORKLIFE)
Q3.	I am satisfied with my involvement in decisions that affect me. (INVOLVEMENT)
Q4.	I have the opportunities to learn and grow in my job.(LEARN)
Q5.	I am satisfied with my total compensation (pay, benefits). (REWARDS)
Q6.	The amount of stress I experience on the job is reasonable. (STRESS)

 

1.  Below is computer output from SPSS, the package used in the text.  The table below has descriptive statistics for each variable measured the 5-point scale, with 5 being “Strongly Agree” and 1 being “Strongly Disagree”  (Favorable = “SA or A”

1a.  Which variable is has the most favorable rating? (1 pt)

b. Which variable has the most variation in the response? (1 pt)

c. Below is a frequency distribution of thestress variable.

                                                                                STRESS

 

		Frequency	Percent	Cumulative Percent
Valid	1.00	37	18.3	18.3
	2.00	20	9.9	28.2
	3.00	45	22.3	50.5
	4.00	45	22.3	72.8
	5.00	55	27.2	100.0
	Total	202	100.0

 

 

What percentage of respondents “Strongly Agree/Agree” with their stress level being reasonable?  (One number)(1 pt)

What percentage of respondents “Strongly Disagree/ Disagree” with their stress level being reasonable?  (One number) (1 pt)

 

2.  In addition to the survey items, respondents were asked to report their age as follows:

My generation is (AGE)	Generation Y (Born 1981-2000)	1
	Generation X (Born 1965-1980)	2
	Baby Boomers (1946-1964)	3
	Veterans (Born 1922-1945)	4

 

Below is output from an ANOVA to test if there are differences in stress levels between age groups.

What was is the null hypothesis?

What is the alternative hypothesis?

                                                                                                                    

 

Below are summary statistics for

 

STRESS

	N	Mean	Std. Deviation	Std. Error	95% Confidence Interval for Mean		Minimum	Maximum
					Lower Bound	Upper Bound
1.00
83	4.1325	1.39486	.15311	3.8280	4.4371	1.00	11.00
2.00	45	3.0444	1.39733	.20830	2.6246	3.4642	1.00	5.00
3.00	37	2.4595	2.06283	.33913	1.7717	3.1472	1.00	11.00
4.00	37	3.1351	1.00449	.16514	2.8002	3.4701	1.00	5.00
Total	202	3.4010	1.60924	.11323	3.1777	3.6243	1.00	11.00

Lower BoundUpper BoundLower BoundUpper Bound

Lower BoundUpper Bound

 

Which group has the lowest stress level? (1 pt)

Which group has the highest stress level? (1 pt)

Which group has the most variation in stress level? (1 pt)

 

Below is the ANOVA output.

                                                                              ANOVA

 

STRESS

	Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	Sig. (P-value)
Between Groups	91.680	3	30.560	4.339	.041
Within Groups	322.899	198	1.631
Total	414.579	201

 

 

Are the results significant?  Write a 2-3 sentence summary of your findings. (1 pt)

Multiple Regression – Will Cover in Week #4

3.  The organization that surveyed the employees wanted to know what factors influenced STRESS so they could take action. To do that amultiple regression analysis was run that regressed the all the items against the STRESS measure to see which ones had the most impact on stress.  Below are the findings:

                                                Model Summary

 

Model	R	R Square	Adjusted R Square	Std. Error of the Estimate
1	.742(a)	.55	.53	1.39776

a  Predictors: (Constant), REWARDS, LEARN, WORKLIFE, RESOURCES, INVOLVEMENT

 

 

                                                                                ANOVA(b)

 

Model		Sum of Squares	df	Mean Square	F	Sig.
1	Regression	30.233	5	6.047	3.095	.015(a)
	Residual	357.533	183	1.954
	Total	387.766	188

a  Predictors: (Constant), REWARDS, LEARN, WORKLIFE, RESOURCES, INVOLVEMENT

b  Dependent Variable: STRESS

 

 

 

 

 

                                                                              Coefficients(a)

 

Model		Unstandardized Coefficients		Standardized Coefficients	t	Sig.
		B	Std. Error	Beta
1
	(Constant)	1.992	.560		3.558	.000
	RESOURCES	.158	.123	.117	1.287	.200
	WORKLIFE	.148	.125	.104	2.131	.039
	INVOLVEMENT	.292	.136	.200	2.147	.033
	LEARN	.110	.112	.076	.978	.329
REWARDS	.179	.134	.124	1.330	.185

BStd. Error

a  Dependent Variable: STRESS

 

 

What is the R-square and what does it mean? (1 pt)

Was the overall multiple regression significant?  (1 pt)

Looking at each regression coefficient, which one(s), if any, are statistically significant?   (1 pt)

Summarize the results in 2-3 sentences. (1 pt)