19 Jul The endocrine and musculoskeletal systems play important roles in the regulation and coordination of activities throughout the body. When alterations of these systems occur, many patients require long-term drug therapies. In addition to drugs prescribed by their health care providers, patients with these disorders also often take herbal and dietary supplements. According to the American Diabetes Association, 22 percent of diabetic patients use herbal therapy and 31 percent use dietary supplements (American Diabetes Association, 2009). This may impact the effects of prescribed drugs, as well as pose a concern of adverse drug reactions in patients. When treating patients with endocrine and musculoskeletal disorders, it is important to educate patients on associated risks. As an advanced practice nurse prescribing drugs, you must carefully consider all drug, herbal, and dietary therapies prior to finalizing treatment plans. This week you examine types of drugs prescribed to patients with endocrine and musculoskeletal disorders, as well as the impact of patient factors on the effects of drugs. You also explore ways to improve patient treatment plans including suggested drug therapies. Finally, you examine types of diabetes and the impact of diabetes drugs on patients. Learning Objectives By the end of this week, students will: Analyze types of drugs prescribed to treat endocrine and musculoskeletal disorders Evaluate the impact of patient factors on the effects of prescribed drugs for endocrine and musculoskeletal disorders Evaluate drug therapy plans to treat endocrine and musculature disorders Analyze patient education strategies for treatment and management of endocrine and musculoskeletal disorders Differentiate types of diabetes Evaluate the impact of diabetes drugs on patients Understand and apply key terms, concepts, and principles related to prescribing drugs to treat endocrine and musculoskeletal disorders Photo Credit: Mark Hatfield/iStock / Getty Images Plus/Getty Images Learning Resources This page contains the Learning Resources for this week. Be sure to scroll down the page to see all of this week’s assigned Learning Resources. To access select media resources, please use the media player below. Required Readings Note: To access this week’s required library resources, please click on the link to the Course Readings List, found in the Course Materials section of your Syllabus. Arcangelo, V. P., & Peterson, A. M. (Eds.). (2013). Pharmacotherapeutics for advanced practice: A practical approach (3rd ed.). Ambler, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Chapter 36, “Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis” (pp. 538–559) This chapter examines the causes, pathophysiology, and diagnostic criteria of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It then outlines the process of selecting, administering, and managing drug therapy for both disorders. Chapter 37, “Fibromyalgia” (pp. 560–567) This chapter explores the causes, pathophysiology, and diagnostic criteria of fibromyalgia. It also covers the process of selecting, administering, and managing drug therapy for this disorder. Chapter 45, “Diabetes Mellitus” (pp. 696–714) This chapter begins by identifying the causes, pathophysiology, and diagnostic criteria of diabetes mellitus. It then examines the process of selecting, administering, and managing drug therapy for patients with diabetes mellitus. Chapter 46, “Thyroid Disorders” (pp. 715–729) This chapter explores the causes, pathophysiology, diagnostic criteria, and administration of drug therapy for patients with thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, thyroid nodules, subclinical thyroid disease, and thyroiditis. It also discusses the mechanisms of prescribed drugs, as well as proper dosages and potential adverse reactions. Ben-Zacharia, A. (2011). Therapeutics for multiple sclerosis symptoms. The Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine, 78(2), 176–191. Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This article covers the diagnosis, treatment, and management of multiple sclerosis and explores methods for treating other health issues that arise from multiple sclerosis. Kargiotis, O., Paschali, A., Messinis, L., & Papathanasopoulos, P. (2010). Quality of life in multiple sclerosis: Effects of current treatment options. International Review of Psychiatry, 22(1), 67–82. Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases. This article examines the process of evaluating and diagnosing patients who present with symptoms of multiple sclerosis and explores treatment and rehabilitation methods. Peterson, K., Silverstein, J., Kaufman, F., & Warren-Boulton, E. (2007). Management of type 2 diabetes in youth: An update. American Family Physician, 76(5), 658–664. Note: Retrieved from the Walden Library databases.
Q1
Describe a work task, a hobby, or another activity that you regularly do, and sequentially list the various actions you take in order to complete this activity. Consider the complexity of your list and the amount of steps required to complete the activity.
Answer the following questions in the space provided below:
1. Differentiate the main actions between doing and improving your activities.
2. Determine the overall manner in which variation has affected your activities.
Q2
Answer the following questions Explain the importance of variation to health-care organizations and answer the following questions.
a-What might be the key processes for health-care organizations?
b-What are the potential common causes of variation that would have an impact on the key processes of health-care organizations?
c-What special causes might be more important than the others?
d-How might health-care organizations’ business environment be dynamic and change over time?
Q3
The following data consists of the actual time used and potential (the best time possible for this review process) to complete each step in the review process. The actual times are based on the review of 30 projects. The potential times are subjective engineering judgment estimates.
Use the data in the table above and answer the following questions in the space provided below:
hh11-What are the sources of value-added and non-value-added work in this process?
2-Where are the main opportunities to improve the cycle time of this process, with respect to both actual time used and the potential best times? What strategy would you use?
3-Step 10: Resolve Open Issues required 104 hours (potential) versus 106 hours (actual). Is there an OFI here? Why or why not? If so, how would you attack it?
4-What do you think are the most difficult critical issues to deal with when designing a sound cycle time study such as this one?
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