UMUC BIO302 quiz 2

26 Jun UMUC BIO302 quiz 2

Question
Question 1 (2.5 points) Question 1 Unsaved

Viral envelopes are acquired by ________.

Question 1 options:

viral synthesis outside of the host cell.

budding through the plasma membrane of the host cell.

assembly of capsid proteins.

packaging viral proteins into the capsid.

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Question 2 (2.5 points) Question 2 Unsaved

Which of the following is an essential feature in viral replication?

Question 2 options:

The viral capsid must enter the host cell cytoplasm.

The viral envelope is required for all viruses to enter a host cell.

The viral genome must be uncoated in the cell cytoplasm.

The viral genome must fuse with the host cell membrane.

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Question 3 (2.5 points) Question 3 Unsaved

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can synthesize DNA from RNA because it contains

Question 3 options:

the necessary glucose molecules.

envelope proteins that provide receptor sites.

cytoplasm within its genome.

the enzyme reverse transcriptase.

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Question 4 (2.5 points) Question 4 Unsaved

Prions are comprised of which of the following?

Question 4 options:

proteins

plasma

dendritic cells

lipids

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Question 5 (2.5 points) Question 5 Unsaved

Viruses are capable of infecting which of the following organisms?

Question 5 options:

Plants

Animal hosts

Bacteria

All of the provided answers are correct

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Question 6 (2.5 points) Question 6 Unsaved

You are working in a lab for the summer. Your boss gives you a test tube containing an isolated infectious agent of an unknown disease. You guess that this must be a viral disease. If you are correct, what do you expect to find in the test tube after lysing the contents (ie: breaking everything open)?

Question 6 options:

ribosomes

tRNA

nucleus

capsomeres

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Question 7 (2.5 points) Question 7 Unsaved

Inactivated viruses used in vaccines

Question 7 options:

multiply in the body at a low rate.

act like antibacterial drugs in the body.

cannot replicate in the host.

are weakened forms of viruses

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Question 8 (2.5 points) Question 8 Unsaved

A genetically engineered vaccine, like the vaccine against Hepatitis B, contains which of the following?

Question 8 options:

Select viral proteins only

The entire virus intact but inactive (killed)

weakened whole virus

DNA of several similar viruses

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Question 9 (2.5 points) Question 9 Unsaved

Which of the following statements about viruses is false?

Question 9 options:

Some viruses can contain DNA and RNA.

Viruses use the host cell machinery.

Viruses contain a protein coat.

Viruses have genes.

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Question 10 (2.5 points) Question 10 Unsaved

Which of the following statements regarding prions is false?

Question 10 options:

Prions are highly resistant to heat and radiation treatment

They can be inherited (passed to offspring)

They are composed of proteins and nucleic acids combined

They induce normal host proteins to mis-fold

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Question 11 (2.5 points) Question 11 Unsaved

Facultative anaerobic bacteria:

Question 11 options:

are killed by exposure to oxygen

can grow with or without oxygen

can tolerate only small amounts of oxygen

can only grow in the presence of oxygen

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Question 12 (2.5 points) Question 12 Unsaved

Which of the following is killed by atmospheric oxygen?

Question 12 options:

Obligate Aerobes

Obligate Anaerobes

Facultative anaerobe

None of the provide answers are correct.

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Question 13 (2.5 points) Question 13 Unsaved

Based on temparatures that allow growth, which of the following categories is most likely to include human microbial pathogens?

Question 13 options:

Thermophiles

Mesophiles

Halophiles

Psychrophiles

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Question 14 (2.5 points) Question 14 Unsaved

Which of the following is most-susceptible to Penicillin

Question 14 options:

Gram-positive species

Gram-negative species

Viruses

Acid-fast species

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Question 15 (2.5 points) Question 15 Unsaved

Which of the following best describes the mode of action of the antibiotic penicillin?

Question 15 options:

inhibits cell wall synthesis

inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

inhibits protein synthesis

anti-metabolite activity

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Question 16 (2.5 points) Question 16 Unsaved

Which of the following best describes the mode of action of Rifampin against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection?

Question 16 options:

inhibits cell wall synthesis

inhibits RNA synthesis

inhibits protein synthesis

inhibits folic acid synthesis

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Question 17 (2.5 points) Question 17 Unsaved

This person is credited with the discovered penicillin

Question 17 options:

Erlich

Pasteur

Koch

Flemming

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Question 18 (2.5 points) Question 18 Unsaved

Antibiotic resistance occurs in all of the following ways except

Question 18 options:

Microbe gains the ability to inactivate the antibiotic (preventing antibiotic action)

Restriction of antibiotic movement into the cell (thus preventing access to target)

The antibiotic changes over time forming a new chemical structure

Antibiotics can be pumped back out of the bacterial cell

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Question 19 (2.5 points) Question 19 Unsaved

Which of the following best describes the mode of action of the antibiotic Sulfa drugs?

Question 19 options:

increases folic acid synthesis

prevents folic acid synthesis

inhibits cell wall synthesis

inhibits nucleic acid synthesis

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Question 20 (2.5 points) Question 20 Unsaved

This term refers to a microbe that infects and causes disease when host immune system and protective mechanisms are suppressed.

Question 20 options:

Parasitic

Pathogenic

Opportunistic

Virulent

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Question 21 (2.5 points) Question 21 Unsaved

Which of the following statements about antibiotic resistance is TRUE ?

Question 21 options:

People can become resistant to antibiotics

Bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics

People can become resistant to antibiotics if they have taken them many times during their life.

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Question 22 (2.5 points) Question 22 Unsaved

Which of the following is a fomite?

Question 22 options:

Saliva

Insects

Sexual contact

A used tissue

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Question 23 (2.5 points) Question 23 Unsaved

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a soil organism. Every time we eat a fresh salad, we potentially consume some of these bacterial cells. They usually do us no harm. However, these same organisms can cause serious infection in persons who have been severely burned. Such a pathogen is called

Question 23 options:

commensal.

opportunistic.

strict pathogen.

normal flora/microbiota

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Question 24 (2.5 points) Question 24 Unsaved

The organisms which cause botulism, tetanus and diphtheria are all capable of:

Question 24 options:

producing endospores.

acting as normal microbiota .

producing exotoxins.

producing endotoxins.

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Question 25 (2.5 points) Question 25 Unsaved

Endotoxins are produced by

Question 25 options:

fungi.

Gram positive bacteria.

Gram negative bacteria.

Parasites and helminths

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Question 26 (2.5 points) Question 26 Unsaved

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the process of inflammation?

Question 26 options:

Causes dilation of blood vessels bringing more blood into infection site

Results in warmth, heat and swelling occur at site of infection

The process is designed to limit the extent & progression of the infection/injury

It is dependent on the formation of tumor supression agents

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Question 27 (2.5 points) Question 27 Unsaved

Innate immunity is ___________________.

Question 27 options:

The body’s ability to ward off cancer.

The body’s defense system against only specific pathogens

The lack of resistance.

The body’s non-specific defenses against any kind of pathogen.

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Question 28 (2.5 points) Question 28 Unsaved

Your cells are covered in proteins that can act as potential antigens. Why doesn’t your immune system routinely kill/attack your human cells?

Question 28 options:

because your cells don’t really have surface proteins

because your immune system works only against bacterial pathogens and nothing else.

because your immune system cannot recognize antigens that are made of proteins.

because your immune system goes through a process of self tolerance

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Question 29 (2.5 points) Question 29 Unsaved

This is responsible for the cell-mediated killing of virally infected cells

Question 29 options:

phagocytes such as macrophages.

antibodies produced by helper T-cells.

cytotoxic T-cells.

red blood cells

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Question 30 (2.5 points) Question 30 Unsaved

The antibody type found in secretions like mucus, saliva, and tears.

Question 30 options:

IgG

IgM

IgA

IgD

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Question 31 (2.5 points) Question 31 Unsaved

The antibody type involved in allergic reactions.

Question 31 options:

IgG

IgM

IgA

IgE

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Question 32 (2.5 points) Question 32 Unsaved

Which of the following is an antigen-dependent immune response

Question 32 options:

Innate immunity

adaptive immunity

commensal flora

pathogens

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Question 33 (2.5 points) Question 33 Unsaved

Which process generates the most ATP?

Question 33 options:

fermentation

glycolysis

Krebs cycle

electron transport chain

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Question 34 (2.5 points) Question 34 Unsaved

Which of the following is the best definition of catabolism?

Question 34 options:

Oxidation of carbohydrates to release energy

Reduction of carbohydrates to release energy

Oxidation of carbohydrates to consume energy

Reduction of carbohydrates to consume energy

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Question 35 (2.5 points) Question 35 Unsaved

Which of the following is the best definition of fermentation?

Question 35 options:

The reduction of glucose to pyruvic acid

The production of water during oxidative phosphorylation

The complete catabolism of glucose to CO2 and H2O

The oxidation of glucose to produce acids and/or alcohols

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Question 36 (2.5 points) Question 36 Unsaved

Which of the following uses CO2 for its carbon source?

Question 36 options:

Chemoheterotroph

Chemoautotroph

Photoheterotroph

Phototroph

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Question 37 (2.5 points) Question 37 Unsaved

Which of the following is NOT a process of aerobic respiration?

Question 37 options:

citric acid cycle (aka Krebs cycle)

Glycolysis

pyruvate/pyruvic acid formation

lactate fermentation

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Question 38 (2.5 points) Question 38 Unsaved

Which of the following is true regarding airborne transmission vs droplet transmission

Question 38 options:

Airborne transmission occurs at distances less than 3 feet

Droplet transmission examples include a sneeze

Airborne transmission example includes a cough

Droplet transmission occurs only via contact with contaminated objects

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Question 39 (2.5 points) Question 39 Unsaved

Which of the following is commonly transmitted via sexual transmission

Question 39 options:

Staphylococci infections (like S. aureus)

Clostridium difficile

Measles virus

Chlamydia trachomatis

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Question 40 (2.5 points) Question 40 Unsaved

Which of the following strains is NOT considered normal flora for a population?

Question 40 options:

Neisseria meningitidis

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Streptococcus pneumoniae

Haemophilus influenzae