15 May WHAT FACTORS SHOULD YOU ACCOUNT FOR WHEN DOING A THREATS ANALYSIS FOR YOUR COMMUNITY?
The forecast product you read on August 30 mentions that a cold front with instability along frontal boundary will be moving through your locality in northern Iow The weather event you are likely to be most concerned about during this frontal passage is: A. Steady precipitation and potential flooding
B. A severe thunderstorm with possible hail
C. Early season snowfall accumulating on tree limb
D. A freeze affecting vulnerable plants and agriculture
2. Today’s Area Forecast Discussion for your municipality north of Canton contains this phrase: AN AREA OF ENHANCED LIFT IN THE 850MB-700MB LAYER CONTINUES TO AFFECT LOCATIONS NORTH AND WEST OF A CANTON TO TOLUCA LINE. TO THE SOUTH SKIES WERE PARTLY CLOUDY WITH EARLY AFTERNOON TEMPERATURES RISING INTO THE MID/UPPER 70S. As an emergency manager, what might you be concerned about based on the word ‘lift’? A. Warmer air aloft with cooler air near the surface
B. Long-duration stratiform rain showers
C. Convective storms, precipitation, instability
D. Debris lofted by tornadoes
3. You are the emergency manager in Applegate, a community located alongside a stream called Big Creek. Six miles to your northeast, near the headwaters of the creek, is a community called Bunker Hill. Your local weather forecast office has just issued this Special Weather Statement: NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE DOPPLER RADAR HAS INDICATED A THUNDERSTORM CAPABLE OF PRODUCING PENNY SIZE HAIL. THIS STORM WAS LOCATED 3 MILES NORTH NORTHWEST OF BUNKER HILL…MOVING SOUTH AT 5 MPH. Should you anticipate any potential hazards from this storm? A. No; penny size hail does not qualify the storm as ‘severe’ so effects are expected to be minimal in Applegate
B. Yes; the slow-moving storm could cause flooding along Big Creek, including in creekside areas of Applegate
C. Yes; the storm is headed directly to Applegate and significant hail damage should be expected
D. No; based on the direction of travel this round of storminess will not affect my area
4. The Forecast Discussion says “A WEAK PRESSURE GRADIENT IS EXPECTED TO PERSIST, KEEPING RAIN OVER THE AREA FOR SEVERAL DAYS.” From a preparedness point of view, this phrase suggests that: A. You should be ready to respond to downed power lines, etc.
B. You should stay alert for potential flooding
C. You should be alert for severe storm development
D. There is nothing weather-related to concern you
5. In order from lowest urgency to highest, which sequence properly ranks the product categories issued by the National Weather Service? Note that not all product categories are issued for all hazard types. A. Outlook, Advisory, Watch, Warning
B. Watch, Advisory, Outlook, Warning
C. Outlook, Watch, Advisory, Warning
D. Advisory, Outlook, Watch, Warning
6. Which of the following is included in a National Weather Service Area Forecast Discussion product? A. Forecaster reasoning
B. 10-14 day forecast
C. Temperature probability graphics
D. Radar imagery
7. It is July 16 and the Area Forecast Discussion you are reading mentions that instability is high. Starting this morning and through the afternoon, your community is hosting a large art festival in an open park along the river. Which of the following represents an immediate action to take as you prepare for the day? A. Alert festival organizers to the potential for thunderstorms later today
B. Have organizers order extra tents for protection from wind and rain
C. Evacuate people from the park vicinity
D. Let organizers know they should reschedule the event for a different week
8. A train has derailed in your community, resulting in a hazardous materials release. Resources available to you from the National Weather Service include all EXCEPT: A. Incident meteorologists who can monitor conditions and provide ‘spot’ forecasts
B. Customized wind forecasts to help determine areas that might be impacted
C. Anticipated health impacts of the hazardous substances
D. Dispersion modeling to determine how the materials will be transported
9. In two days your community is hosting the State baseball championship and expecting record crowds. The Day 2 Convective Outlook indicates your area could have severe weather on game day. As an emergency manager, you should: A. Continue to monitor the forecast products and coordinate with the Weather Forecast Office
B. Discuss the situation with event organizers and suggest they review their safety plans for severe weather
C. Inform public safety agencies in your community about the severe weather potential
D. All of the above
10. Tornadoes are small, short-lived storms formed on the: A. mesoscale
B. synoptic scale
11. Uncertainties in forecasts are primarily due to which of the following? A. Atmospheric processes are very complex, posing difficulties for both models and forecasters
B. Meteorologists are not paying close enough attention to the evolving weather situation
C. The overnight model forecasts are poor so meteorologists must use their own best judgment
D. The large number of observations input to the models means that guidance might be delayed
12. You have just arrived at the office this morning. What is the best source for quickly determining the potential for severe thunderstorms today? A. Check the Convective Day 1 Outlook
B. Check the local Weather Forecast Office hourly storm summary
C. Consult a farmer’s almanac for today’s forecast
D. Check in with your Warning Coordination Meteorologist
13. During a rain event, you observe heavy, wind-driven rain for 30 minutes. The dispatch center has received calls about small stream flooding on the southern edge of your community. You report this flooding to the Weather Forecast Office. They will use the information to: A. map the areas that should be evacuated.
B. input data into weather prediction models.
C. deploy an Incident Meteorologist to verify conditions.
D. refine their forecast to alert others in the storm’s path.
14. What factors should you account for when doing a threats analysis for your community? A. What weather events are likely and at what time of year
B. Percentage of population and property likely to be affected
C. Expected impacts of the hazard on critical infrastructure
D. All of the above
15. Your local Weather Forecast Office has just issued a Severe Thunderstorm Warning for the western part of the county to your north. The system is moving to the southeast. What should you do? A. Dispatch spotter groups to the adjacent county
B. No action is required; the storm is not in my county
C. Monitor the storm’s movement and prepare accordingly
D. Monitor stream gauges for increased runoff from storms upstream
16. The components that determine the difference between an inconvenient weather situation and one that is hazardous are: A. Event type
B. Event severity
C. Community vulnerability
D. All of the above
17. As an emergency manager, what are your four primary roles in planning for and acting during periods of hazardous weather? A. Mitigate, Prepare, Respond, Recover
B. Detect, Forecast, Alleviate, Recover
C. Prepare, Act, Recover, Respond
D. Prepare, Defend, Recover, Respond
18. Who is authorized to initiate official watches and warnings? A. The National Weather Service
B. Registered private weather information vendor
C. Certified broadcast meteorologist using Doppler radar
D. All of the above
19. Severe weather season is around the corner. You would like to begin some public awareness efforts, as well as make sure your spotters are trained and organized. Who in the National Weather Service should you call to work with you on these activities? A. Science and Operations Officer (SOO)
B. Warning Coordination Meteorologist (WCM)
C. No one; both of these tasks are your responsibilities
D. Lead Duty Forecaster
20. Condensation is a process that can lead to precipitation, flooding, and storm development. Condensation can occur and begin providing the fuel f
or severe weather when: A. the dewpoint temperature is significantly less than the air temperature.
B. the probability of precipitation equals 100%.
C. the dewpoint temperature equals the air temperature.
D. the dewpoint temperature is warmer than the surrounding air temperature.
21. True or False: A Tornado Watch has been issued for your county for the next three hours. One of the actions to take is to follow your Emergency Operations Plan’s guidance on when it might be time to activate spotter groups. A. True
B. False
22. Long-range forecast products tend to be as accurate as short-range ones. A. True
B. False
23. Your threats analysis should include analyzing the vulnerabilities of power generation, water, and sewage treatment facilities. A. True
B. False
24. Which of the following is NOT a consideration for a threats analysis? A. Frequency of hazardous weather
B. Distance to nearest weather forecast office
C. Locations of special needs populations
D. Severity of past and anticipated weather events
25. Methods for receiving the most recent hazardous weather information and current updates directly from your local Weather Forecast Office (WFO) include all EXCEPT which of the following? A. NOAA Weather Radio
B. EMWIN or other message broadcast systems
C. NWSChat, phone calls, phone alerts
D. Local broadcast media
26. Your Warning Partnership includes your local National Weather Service Forecast Office, you, and all of the following EXCEPT: A. Police and emergency responders
B. The media
C. Weather spotters
D. Emergency Management Institute (EMI)
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