23 Jul WHAT IS THE LIKELIEST EFFECT OF THESE DIFFERENCES ON THE TWO KINDS OF CELLS?
In one animal cell there are three different proteins binding to specific DNA nucleotide Show more QUESTION 9 In one animal cell there are three different proteins binding to specific DNA nucleotide sequences between 300 and 850 nucleotides away from the starting point of transcription of a gene. Another kind of cell in the same animal has eleven different proteins binding to specific DNA sequences in the same region. What is the likeliest effect of these differences on the two kinds of cells? 1. One cell will be larger than the other 2. The two kinds of cells will contain different amounts of a particular protein 3. Two different proteins will be produced: one protein in one cell another protein in the other cell 4. One cell will differentiate into a particular cell type the other will not differentiate QUESTION 23 The cerebellum is concerned mostly with 1. simple reactions like the knee jerk reflex 2. integration of sensory information from touch receptors in the skin 3. maintaining homeostasis in especially the respiratory and circulatory systems 4. abstract thinking 5. muscle coordination QUESTION 26 One of the responses of an insect such as a moth to the approach of a bat is to fall to earth. What is this response most similar to in humans? 1. Insulin release from the pancreas 2. Hearing a particular sound 3. Fight or flight responses involving the adrenal cortex 4. Seeing a particular color and recognizing it as a favorite 5. Jerking your hand away after touching a very hot object QUESTION 30 When you move your head from left to right your vestibular system tells you what you were doing. How does it work? 1. An unusually high concentration of K + in the fluid of the canal makes the entire sensory cell extremely sensitive to motion 2. Moving your head causes the hair cells to experience centrifugal force which causes small dense particles in the cells cytoplasm to move to the outer edge of the cell. As the particles touch receptor proteins signals are sent to a nearby sensory axon 3. Fluid in one of the semicircular canals moves relative to your head and causes hair cells to release signal molecules onto a sensory neurons axon tip 4. A receptor potential in one receptor cell is transmitted to other receptor cells and finally to a sensory axon QUESTION 33 When a protein is produced from a particular gene another gene in the same cells nucleus soon begins to transcribe RNA from its coding regions. When the first gene is artificially inactivated the second gene soon stops RNA transcription. What does the protein made from the first genes mRNA likely do? 1. Cause all genes in the cell to be expressed 2. Bind to many places on the DNA and cut it into pieces 3. Diffuse out of the cell and bind to receptors on the plasma membrane 4. Bind to DNA at a particular sequence of nucleotides and cause the DNA to bend into a new shape QUESTION 39 Some plant species seeds must survive fire in order to germinate later. What is the likeliest adaptive value of this phenomenon? 1. After the seeds germinate the young plants will face little competition for resources 2. The seed is warmed to high temperatures which are necessary to increase the rates of enzyme reactions 3. The high temperatures are required to destroy inhibitors of germination 4. Seeds that have been through fire are more attractive to seed-eating animals QUESTION 34 Although quite different in structure plants and animals closely share some basic similarities in their development. Which of the following is the most similar in plants and animals? 1. The importance of cell and tissue movements 2. The importance of selective cell enlargement 3. Master regulatory genes that encode DNA-binding proteins 4. The importance of signals from the environment QUESTION 48 When a cardiac muscle cell contracts neighboring cells attached to it soon also contract followed shortly by yet more cardiac cells contracting. What is the basis for such sequential contraction? 1. When one cell contracts the hydrostatic pressure inside the cell increases and liquid is forced into neighboring cells causing them to contract in turn 2. Muscle contraction results in CO2 production. Excess CO2 diffuses to neighboring cells causing them to contract 3. Positively charged ions enter a cardiac cell causing more positive ions to enter. The excess ion charge travels through small channels to neighboring cells causing them to contract 4. Contraction of one cell causes its neighbors to be stretched. Stretched cardiac cells contract QUESTION 49 Of what value are the septa (sheets of tissue) between segments of an earthworm? 1. The edges of septa have sensory touch receptors that allow the earthworm to know when it is located in an appropriate environment 2. They separate the individual units of the excretory system (nephridia) from each other 3. Septa allow individual segments to swell and elongate when body wall muscles contract 4. They divide the nervous system into discrete units each containing two ganglia and peripheral nerve axons 5. Earthworms add segments to their back end as they grow and never lose the septa Show less
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