10 Jun When oncogenes become overexpressed, this can lead to cancer
Question
46. When oncogenes become overexpressed, this can lead to cancer. Which of the following is not likely to be responsible for the overexpression of an oncogene.
A. Increased histone acetylation in the promoter of the oncogene.
B. Decreased methylation in the promoter of the oncogene.
C. An overexpression of HDACs in the tumourigenic cell.
D. An overexpression of HATs in the tumourigenic cell.
E. Increased occupancy of bromodomain proteins at the promoter of the oncogene.
47. Which histone plays an important role in stabilizing nucleosome bound DNA as a 30nm filament?
A. HI
B. H2A
C. None of the above
48. You have isolated DNA in a sample excavated from an underground swamp on Mars. You use micrococcal nuclease to digest the DNA and then run the DNA on an agarose gel? The figure on the next page shows the results of your gel analysis with the estimated sizes of DNA fragments (in base-pairs) labelled on the side. From this analysis, you conclude that:
— 600
—u 450
300
— 150
A. Martian DNA is made up of small chromosomes.
B. Martian DNA is bound in nucleosomes that are spaced roughly 150bp apart
C. Martian DNA is bound in nucleosome-like structures but spaced unevenly ranging from 150bp to 750bp.
D. Micrococcal nuclease does not work very well on Martian DNA.
E. All of the above
49. Prolactin and glucocorticoids can both regulate the transcription of the casein gene. Although one is a protein and the other a steroid hormone, they are similar in that they: A. Are both nuclear receptor ligands.
B. Either directly or indirectly modify the binding of transcription factor homodimers to the casein promoter region to activate transcription.
C. Are both produced and act within the target cell.
D. Do not circulate in the blood.
E. Directly interact with RNA polymerase Il.
50. DNAse I is used in footprinting to:
A. Cleave all of the target DNA at every base-pair leaving only the DNA protected by the DNA binding protein.
B. Bind to DNA to protect regions bound by the DNA binding protein.
C. Cleave at specific sites along the DNA sequence to identify the underlying response element.
D. Cleave essentially every DNA target molecule at a frequency of once per DNA molecule in regions unprotected by the DNA binding protein.
E. Cleave the labelled end of the DNA target so that it does not cause background noise when the autoradiogram of the footprint is generated.
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