29 Jul WHY IS IT THAT WE CAN’T DRINK SEA WATER TO QUENCH OUR THIRST?
Water, water everywhere, and not a drop to drink.” This common
statement about people shipwrecked at sea has biological significance.
Why is it that we can’t drink sea water to quench our thirst?
2. The way scientists envision the cell membrane is as a “Fluid
Mosaic Model.” Explain the role of the different components of the cell
membrane (phospholipids, cholesterol, integral proteins, peripheral proteins,
glycolipids and glycoproteins) and why the “Fluid Mosaic Model” is the model
used to explain how the membrane works.
3.Paramecium and other protists that live in hypotonic environments
have cell membranes that limit water uptake, while those living in isotonic
environments have membranes that are more permeable to water. What water regulation
adaptations might have evolved in protists in hypertonic habitats such as Great
Salt Lake? In habitats with changing salt concentration?
4.Extensive irrigation in arid regions causes salts to accumulate in
the soil. (When water evaporates, salts that were dissolved in the water are
left behind in the soil.) Based on what you learned about water balance in
plant cells, explain why increased soil salinity (saltiness) might be harmful
to crops. Suggest ways to minimize damage. What costs are attached to your
solutions?
5.A human pancreatic cell obtains O2, fuel molecules such as
glucose, and building materials such as amino acids and cholesterol from its
environment, and it releases CO2 as a waste product of cellular respiration. In
response to hormonal signals, the cell secretes digestive enzymes. It also
regulates its ion concentrations by exchange with its environment. Based on
what you have just learned about the structure and function of cellular
membranes, write an explanation that describes how such a cell accomplishes
these interactions with its environment.
6.An artificial “cell” consisting of an aqueous solution enclosed in
a selectively permeable membrane is immersed in a beaker as shown below. The
membrane is permeable to water and sucrose.
a. Draw solid arrows to
indicate the net movement of solutes into and/or out of the cell.
b. Is the solution outside the
cell isotonic, hypotonic, or hypertonic?
7.How do endocytosis and exocytosis differ from diffusion?
8.Compare pinocytosis and phagocytosis.
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