Guan Xi = Relations, personal connections, or social networks intentionally cultivated
èArranging a good job. Important before, very important today. In China today àart of gift giving. Business talks. Art of GuanXiàhow to cultivate social relationships in order to be successful. Have to know GuanXi/ the local policemen etc in order for business to run smoothly. Always keep this in mind.
èWhy this is such a distinct phenomenon to China?
What makes it so different àpeople intentionally practice this àemphasis that people put on this is very strong in china. Here it’s done but less. àspecific rules of what’s appropriate. Being generous àsign of trying to be nice but if over-do it, problems may come up. The degree to which this practice permeates society àso important to people’s lives that they intentionally cultivate their practice/ intentionally put so much effort on this practice à critical/ will determine your fate àhas a bigger influence than here in U.S.
Two Versions of GuanXi
1) A Power Game
2) As a life style àcultivating the guanxi network to obtain deserved resources
Rely on this network to get things done. City people are more orientated towards GuanXi (Art of Social Relationships) àas a whole àegalitarian aspect àgift economy is a form of subversion of the dominant economy at that time.
How people in China maintain themselves as social persons àmaintaining proper social relationship and distance through gift giving à crucial in the making of the self.
“Gift Economy” because it is actually a central part of the rural economy how they distribute and redistribute their resources. àguanxià creates a gift economy and moral economy.
When do rea-estate and business à extremely important.
Importance of Guanxi in article à in village à gift expenditure = 500 yuanà20% of household income. àin China people do keep a list of everyday life àwould write down who gave them what and what time.
3. Concept of “RenQing”
Means human feelings. But more complicated –à“a system of ethics that guides and regulates one’s behavior when dealing with others within one’s guanxi network” àbased on certain basic rules and norms such as reciprocity and sharing àknows RenQing or doesn’t’
1) The Principle of Reciprocity àobligation of giving, receiving and returning gifts. Cannot refuse à implications. Refuse gift = clear gesture not interested in that relationship. Choose the proper gift à that exists in the social rules and hierarchy. àif it’s too flashy àcan be considered offensive. So must be proper. –àevery social context is different. Delayed return àwhen you practice Guanxiàyou don’t immediately return a gift àseen as not very proper. àyou take note of it for the next time you visit. You don’t pull out something immediately in that moment àinsulting.
2) Principle of Sharing: very important, part of RenQingàobligated to share resources within your networks. Very important for GuanXi practice. In China, sharing secrets is very famous. àinitiating relationships. Hard for men to do business in China if they don’t’ drink or smoke becausei t’s kind of expected as form of creating social bond and relationship. àcarry 2 packs, one is for yourself one is for show. Sharing food is also very important. à “family style” à use chopsticks to share, don’t need serving spoons.
3) The principle of Face: give recipient face. Status and recognition. àfailure to show up and bring gifts àdo harm to person there
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